#KEYWORDS

AMPERES: (2mA) before a current of this level, burns and cardiorespiratory arrest reactions are caused, etc. An electrical bolt in a storm, is capable of killing a human being by traversing its current through him to reach the ground (Physical Earth). That is why when handling electricity, care must be taken, since there are also components of cell phones, televisions, etc., that are sensitive to the static electricity that exists in humans. It should be clarified that in electrical shocks or electroshocks the voltage varies, but the permitted current levels must not be exceeded.

BATTERY: It is more stable than the battery, it also transforms a chemical compound into electrical energy. It has within it a characteristic electromotive force (emf) that is provided to the carriers (cables) that connect to the load (it can be a light bulb, a motor, etc.) and it also has an internal resistance of the battery.

CAPACITOR: Device that inside has two layers of a conductive material, separated by a dielectric or insulating material. On the outside you can see two ends that are connected each to these layers mentioned internally. Capacitors are used to store a certain amount of electrical charge. This is useful to keep the circuits stable, there are different types used in solar cells, computers, cell phones, calculators, screens and various electrical and electronic devices/connections in general.

CONDUCTOR: Material that allows the passage of electric current through it, because the resistance to its passage is small enough to prevent it. They are usually metals. It is important to consider that living organisms and the human body contain conductive particles and human/living resistance is intolerant to current levels of 0.002.

DYNAMO: It is a machine that is used to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy (or electrical to mechanical), using electromagnetic induction that is generated by the rotation of conductive bodies in a magnetic field (the current that is produced is usually of the continuous type. It is also known as an electric generator.

ELECTRIC MOTOR: The electric motor is an instrument that transforms electrical energy into mechanical energy. It uses the dynamo principle for its operation. Although it contains other accessories to give it greater power according to its use.

ELECTRICITY: It is a form of energy that can be transformed into light, movement (mechanical effect), heat, movement of electrons (chemicals), etc. It is related to the movements and distance between the electrons of the atoms.

ELECTRICITY: It is a form of energy that emits light (light effects), can move other bodies (Effects, mechanical), thermal changes (such as an iron, or a refrigerator), chemicals, etc., which is caused by the separation or movement of the electrons that form the atoms. It is also called the part of physics that studies electrical phenomena.

ELECTRODYNAMICS: It is e The study of the behavior of energy transitions (changes) as electrons move from one place to another or from one orbit to another. That is, it is a branch of physics that studies electronic particles and the phenomenon of electricity in motion.

ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVE: It is one that is generated by the movement of electrical energy on the surface of electrically conducting bodies or travels through a medium that allows its conduction.

ELECTROMAGNETISM: Branch of physics that studies the electrical and magnetic properties of bodies, as well as their relationship between them. It also studies the magnetic fields produced by electric current.

GALVANOMETER: Instrument used to measure the intensity of electric current through the displacement of a needle along a measurement scale. The Galvanometer is an analog instrument. It can also be identified as Ammeter.

LEYDEN BOTTLE: It is a capacitor, that is, it allows the storage of electrical charges. It consists of a conductor on the inside and another on the outside (collection brush, or collector brush). Originally inside it had sheets of tin or aluminum. The outer armor is a layer of conductive material that covers the bottle. The dielectric is the bottle itself. A “Ramsden” machine is used as a power generator, or a cloth (a piece of cloth) that is rubbed with a PVC pipe to generate static. With this, the collection tube is made to touch the PVC tube, while it slides by rubbing on the cloth. The protruding wire is a ground connection and if you hold the bottle by the part with the foil and at the same time on the screw, you will receive a shock.

LINES OF FORCE: Are those that are formed by the movement of electrons from one pole to another in a magnet, together make up the magnetic field. They are a graphic diagram of the magnetic field, they are considered imaginary and without physical presence. The forces of attraction and repulsion move through these lines. The lines of force are said to run from north(+) to south(-) on the magnet.

LOAD: It is any object that is connected to a circuit and consumes a voltage that comes from the power source. It usually puts a significant opposition to the flow of current, which causes that energy to be consumed in the device called load, for example, a light bulb is a load connected in the circuit of a home, a refrigerator, an iron, etc.

MAGNETIC FIELD: It is the set of lines of force that circulate through a magnet from pole to pole. From positive (North to negative (south).

MAGNET: Object (Physical Body) polarized at its ends that attracts smaller bodies containing metallic components, mainly iron and steel, a magnet is usually made of iron ore (blackish, opaque, hard like glass, five times heavier than water). The earth is a natural magnet that has a very large force of attraction over other smaller ones (This force of attraction of the earth is called gravity).

MAGNETIC MERIDIAN: It is the midpoint of the magnetic field in turn of the body that has this magnetic property (Magnet).

MAGNETIC NEEDLE: It is a magnetic element (magnet or magnetized metallic element) whose magnetic polarity is located at one end (usually the narrowest) is opposite to another with a stronger magnetic force. In the case of needles that always point north as in the compass, it is because their negative polarity points towards the positive pole of the earth and its positive polarity towards the south pole. That is, the terrestrial magnet is the one that attracts the corresponding direction of the needle towards that point.

MAGNETISM: It is the physical property of some bodies (minerals with a metallic tendency) with an organization of their electronic particles that allows them to have a positive or negative polarity. In turn, these polarities, being in opposite directions, attract each other. It is also known as a discipline of physics that studies the phenomena of attraction and repulsion of bodies by forces that act due to the movement of electrons.

OPTICAL TELEGRAPHY: It is the one in which visual signals were used, interpreting the positions of wooden masts placed on towers of the same material. This also includes instruments where mirrors were used to reflect light. In both cases the visual element is the key, the positions that were seen in the towers, or the flashes of light were codes to be interpreted by those who knew the meaning.

OPTICS: Branch of physics that studies the behavior of light (light waves). It is also the study of the forms of bodies, surfaces, and materials through which light changes or exerts its properties.

OXIDATION: It is a chemical reaction in which an atom, ion or molecule loses electrons, thereby increasing its oxidation state. Although in reality this change can occur without transferring electrons.

REDUCTION: It is the opposite of oxidation and is when an atom or ion gains one or more electrons, thereby lowering its oxidation state. It can also happen when the ion or atom is reduced by a reducing agent.

SOURCE: Known as power supply, voltage, or power. There are also current sources. In general, it is the one that jumps electrical energy to the circuit and all the components that are connected.

STATIC ELECTRICITY: It is said to be a space with little electrical conductivity in which there is an excess charge. It is also known as friction or shear electricity. An example of this is when you rub a balloon on your hair.

VOLTAGE: Electrical energy that circulates in an electrical circuit and generates a difference in electrical potential between two points where an electrical load is connected, whether it consumes it (such as a light bulb), or supplies it (such as a battery). These two points are usually represented with the positive and negative signs and indicate the direction of the current. Therefore, the Voltage (measured in Volts) measures the potential energy that an electric field has to drive the passage of a current in the conducting wire of an electrical circuit.

VOLTAIC BATTERY: It consists of a metal container that contains an alkaline electrochemical compound inside. Its extremes are anode (substance that is oxidized) and cathode (oxidizing substance / that is reduced). When the circuit to which it is connected is closed, electrons flow from cathode to anode (+ to -) generating electricity.

WAVE LENGTH: It is the time it takes for a wave to complete a trajectory corresponding to 360° in a minimum period of time determined by the observer of the phenomenon. Each half cycle is 180 degrees in opposite directions, completing the 360. Usually the observation period is called T, and according to the propagation medium it has a speed. Being then the wavelength the multiplication of that speed by the period. Or also the speed between the frequency (This is because T is equal to 1/frequency.